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This total includes references and bibliography.
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24 March 2008
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Description
Brief Essay Plan/Ideas
Intro
definition Organised interest –. Groups that influence, other than parties.
Theory - Democracy/authoritarian
corporatist/pluralist
Rational individuals as members/post-modernists as members.
EU policy making, What is so unique about the EU system of organised civil society
Policy formulation Policy implementation Policy monitoring
Several points of entry? Council Commission, but Council hard. COREPER? EP increasingly important.
Policy Input: The European Parliament Policy Making:The Council of the European Union Policy formulation - The European Commission Policy
Commission – little resources, open.
Do Interest Groups help the EU acquire more Powers?Do EU interest groups act as 2-way channels of communication?
Organised interests in practice
a large amount. Mostly with commission.
Growing (data 3000 groups in brussels, low politics) The Rise of Lobbying
Must be receiving benefits from membership – possibly because others are already there. hard to measure the actual outcomes
mostly through agenda setting
Why are EU interest groups so heavily institutionalized, and can they be independent under these circumstances? Is organised civil society friend or foe of the EU’s democratic legitimacy? Does the EU’s new system of procedural democracy create a ‘level playing-field’ with business interests?
Implications – increased legitimacy? once groups are there you can only increase access. mostly open now, although ...see...transparancy-initiative www.euractiv.com/en/pa/transparancy-initiative/article-140650? lobbyist register has been accused of being useless www.euractiv.com/en/pa/commission-defiant-lobbying-transparency-criticism/article-170299 groups produce papers. Accountability of NGOs - http://www.euractiv.com/en/pa/accountability-ngos/article-117442 however, recent commission scandal. however, discrimination. not all can finance. thus biased? Why does the EU spend so much on citizen interest groups, providing some with up to 90% of their funding? Why are there interest groups? motives for formation. Interest Group Regulation
conclusion – very important
useful – fill design/democratic deficiency.
But also damgerous destabilising, unaccountable. being addressed.
integration – neo-functionalism
not uniform. some sectors more important and style differs major global effect is the spill-over effect they create that makes Europe more integrated.
PLUS ANYTHING ELSE YOU CAN THINK OF
Hix, Simon. 2005. The Political System of the EU. Basingstoke: Palgrave pp.208-234
Eising, Rainer. 2004. Multilevel Governance and Business Interests in the European Union. Governance 17/1: 211-45
Mazey, S. and J. Richardson. 2006. ‘Interest groups and EU policy-making: organisational logic and venue shopping’. In Richardson, J. European Union Power and Policy Making. Third Edition. Routledge, London, pp.247-265.
FrancescaBignami Rethinking Interest Representation in the European Union http://ojls.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/26/2/439?ijkey=YTnHIjmfRX4wIa1&keytype=ref
Verdun, Amy Policy-Making and Integration in the European Union: Do Economic Interest Groups Matter? British Journal of Politics and International Relations, Volume 10, Number 1, February 2008 , pp. 129-137
Requested sources:
General
Woll, C. 2006. Lobbying in the European Union: from Sui Generis to a Comparative Perspective. Journal of European Public Policy 13:3, pp.456-469
Mazey and Richardson. 2003. Interest Groups and the Brussels Bureaucracy. In Hayward and Menon. Governing Europe. oxford University Press. This is an e-book and can be accessed through library catalogue.
Aspinwall, Mark and Justin Greenwood. 1998. Conceptualising Collective Action in the European Union. In Justin Greenwood and Mark Aspinwall (eds), Collective Action in the European Union. London: Routledge.
George, Stephen and Ian Bache. 2001. Politics in the European Union. oxford: oxford University Press pp. 288-301
Andersen, Svein and Kjell Eliassen. 1995. EU Lobbying: the New Research Agenda. European Journal of Political Research 27/4: 427-41
Beyers, Jan. 2004. Voice and Access – Political Practices of European Interest Associations. European Union Politics 5/2: 211-40
Knill, Christoph. 2001. Private Governance Across Multiple Arenas. Journal of European Public Policy 8/2: 227-46
Kohler-Koch, Beate. 1994. Changing Patterns of Interest Intermediation in the EU. Government
and Opposition 29/2: 166-80
Greenwood, Justin and Karsten Ronit. 1994. Interest Groups in the European Community: Newly Emerging Dynamics and Forms. West European Politics 17/1: 31-52
Lahusen, Christian. 2003. Moving into the European Orbit – Commercial Consultants in the European Union. European Union Politics 4/2: 191-218
Mazey, Sonia and Jeremy Richardson (eds). 1998. Interest Intermediation in the European Union. London: Routledge
Mazey, Sonia and Jeremy Richardson. 2001. The Logic of Organisation: Interest Groups. In Jeremy Richardson (ed.), European Union – Power and Policy-Making. London: Routledge
Traxler, Franz and Philippe Schmitter. 1995. The Emerging Euro-Polity and Organized Interests. European Journal of International Relations 1/2: 191-218
Schendelen, Rinus van. 2002. Machiavelli in Brussels: the Art of Lobbying the EU. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
Greenwood, Justin. 2003. Interest Representation in the European Union. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Earnshaw, David and David Judge. 2002. No Simple Dichotomies: Lobbyists and the European Parliament. Journal of Legislative Studies 8/4: 61-79
Streeck, Wolfgang and Philippe Schmitter. 1991. From National Corporatism to Transnational Pluralism: Organized Interests in the Single European Market. Politics and Society 19/2: 133-64
‘Private’ interests
Bouwen, Pieter. 2004. The Logic of Access to the European Parliament: Business Lobbying in the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs. Journal of Common Market Studies 42:3, pp.473-95
Bouwen, Pieter. 2004. Exchanging Access Goods for Access: A Comparative Study of Business Lobbying in the European Union Institutions. European Journal of Political Research 43/3: 337-69
Greenwood, Justin. 2001. Inside the EU Business Associations. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Greenwood, Justin (ed.). 2001. The Effectiveness of EU Business Associations. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Coen, David. 1997. The evolution of the large firm as a political actor in the European Union. Journal of European Public Policy 4:1, pp.91-108
Coen, David. 1998. The European Business Interest and the Nation State: Large-firm Lobbying in the European Union and Member States. Journal of Public Policy 18/1: 75-100
Grossman, Emiliano. 2004. Rethinking the Role of Economic Interest Groups in European Integration. Journal of European Public Policy 11/4: 637-56
Weber, Katia and Mark Hallerberg. 2001. Explaining Variation in Institutional Integration in the European Union: Why Firms May Prefer European Solutions. Journal of European Public Policy 8/2: 171-91
‘Public’ interests
Pollack, Mark. 1997. Representing Diffuse Interests in EC Policy-Making. Journal of European Public Policy 4/4: 572-90
Marks, Gary and Doug McAdam. 1996. Social Movements and the Changing Structure of Political Opportunity in the European Union. West European Politics 19/2: 249-78
Geddes, Andrew. 2001. Lobbying for Migrant Inclusion in the European Union. Journal of European Public Policy 7/4: 632-49
Warleigh, Alex. 2000. The Hustle: Citizenship Practice, NGOs and ‘Policy Coalitions’ in the EU. Journal of European Public Policy 7/2: 229-43
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